What device is commonly used to control the vertical movement of heavy loads in rigging?

The device commonly used to control the vertical movement of heavy loads in rigging is the hoist. A hoist is specifically designed for lifting and lowering heavy objects through the use of a mechanism that often includes a motorized or manual powered system. It effectively raises and lowers loads with safety and precision, making it an essential tool in various rigging applications.

While the other options serve important roles in rigging and lifting, they are not primarily designed for direct control of vertical movement in the same way hoists do. Pulley systems, for instance, assist in changing the direction of force while reducing the effort needed to lift, but they do not inherently manage the lifting mechanism like a hoist. Winches are usually employed for winding and unwinding cable or rope, which may also aid in lifting, yet they are not built specifically to manage heavy vertical loads directly. Counterweight systems are used to balance loads, reducing the effort required to lift heavy objects but don’t actively control vertical movement in the same manner. Thus, hoists are the most suitable device for this purpose.